Ba Ria - Vung Tau province with a length of 110 km of coastal land, the continental shelf over 297,000 square km with large reserves of approximately 300,000 tons of seafood, exploitable reserves of about 145,000 tons per year, in particular, about 6,070 ha of coastal water, it is very favorable for growing all kinds of seafood and have advantages over other provinces in the Southeast region in the economic development of the sea. The following article will make an overall assessment of the advantages, point out the limitations of economic development policies in coastal and island areas in Ba Ria - Vung Tau province.